In most mineral or sand processing operations, washing is a key pre-treatment step. Different types of washing equipment are designed for different material characteristics and production needs. The main goal of washing equipment is to effectively remove soil and impurities from mineral surfaces, thereby improving product quality. Below are several common types of washing equipment and their characteristics.

I. Trommel Scrubber

The Drum Scrubber, also known as a Trommel Scrubber, utilizes a rotating drum with internal lifters and the tumbling action of the ore itself—including pebbles and rocks—to break down clay, agglomerates, and soft oxides. The working principle of this equipment is similar to a large washing machine; the drum rotates slowly, causing materials of various particle sizes to tumble and mix with water. This effectively separates valuable minerals from earthy soil and clay. Drum Scrubbers are particularly suitable for processing ore feed with high clay content.

II. Spiral Sand Washer

The Spiral Sand Washer comes in single-spiral and double-spiral types and is primarily used for processing sand produced by sand-making machines. The equipment uses a spiral device to stir the sand and gravel, fully mixing the contained soil with water. Simultaneously, the spiral action facilitates gradual screening and washing of the sand and gravel. The cleaned sand and gravel are discharged from the outlet, while the muddy water is separated through another channel. The Spiral Sand Washer features a simple structure and easy operation, making it a common piece of equipment for sand washing.

III. Log Washer

The Log Washer is especially suitable for washing low-grade minerals such as manganese ore, iron ore, and phosphate rock. This equipment uses a reducer to drive two spiral shafts that rotate in opposite directions. After the mineral enters the tank, it undergoes intense stirring by the paddles and flushing with clean water. The muddy water is discharged from the tank's end, while the cleaned mineral is conveyed upwards and out by the inclined paddles. The Log Washerr offers advantages such as large processing capacity, simple installation, easy operation, low cost, and high efficiency, making it an ideal choice for processing minerals with high clay content.

IV. Wheel Bucket Sand Washer

The Wheel Bucket Sand Washer is mainly used for washing and dewatering sand and aggregate in construction applications. It is an essential water-washing type equipment used in conjunction with sand-making machines. It can effectively remove trace amounts of stone powder and impurities from the mixed sand produced by sand-making machines, significantly improving sand quality. The Wheel Bucket Sand Washer has a compact structure, small footprint, and low energy consumption, making it widely used in construction sand production lines.

V. Trommel Screen

The Trommel Screen provides a simple, efficient, and economical processing solution for various raw materials and also creates favorable conditions for subsequent beneficiation processes. Some models of Trommel Screens are also equipped with a washing function at the feed end, enabling integrated washing and screening. This type of equipment helps simplify the operational process, reduce investment costs, improve product quality, and supports rapid, large-volume processing. The material processed by a Trommel Screen can be directly fed into subsequent beneficiation equipment such as centrifugal concentrators, spiral concentrators, and jigs.