In nature, the vast majority of diamond deposits are alluvial. Therefore, the beneficiation process for diamond ore is relatively straightforward, requiring neither crushing nor grinding. The following is a detailed introduction to the specific beneficiation process flow for diamond ore.

1. Washing and Screening

The mined diamond-bearing sand is fed into a trommel screen. Inside the rotating drum, the material tumbles, allowing particles smaller than the screen aperture to fall through, while larger particles are discharged from the end. This ensures that the feed to the subsequent jig is relatively uniform in size, significantly improving separation efficiency.

The water spray system inside the trommel screen effectively washes clay and fine mud from the surface of the raw diamond ore, while also flushing away most of the fine-grained gangue. This reduces the load and processing volume for downstream equipment.

2. Jigging Separation

Jigging separation is the core stage of diamond beneficiation. It leverages the significant density difference between diamonds (specific gravity ~3.52) and most gangue minerals for efficient separation and concentration.

Principle of Jig Machine: The pulsating water flow generated by the jig lifts and fluidizes the bed layer. During the downward flow, minerals settle according to their density. High-density diamonds and heavy minerals settle to the bottom of the bed, while low-density light minerals remain in the upper layer.

3. Shakint Table Separation

The shaking table serves a dual purpose: it further cleans the rough concentrate produced by the jig and can also recover fine diamonds from the jig tailings.

Principle of Shaking Table for Diamonds: 

The rough concentrate from the jig (containing diamonds, other heavy minerals, and a small amount of impurities) is fed onto the shaking table. Through the combined action of asymmetric reciprocating motion and thin-layer inclined water flow, particles are stratified and separated into bands on the deck. As one of the densest minerals, diamonds concentrate in the concentrate band, while other heavy minerals and impurities distribute into the middlings and tailings bands.

A higher-grade diamond concentrate can be obtained through gravity separation on the shaking table. The above outlines the beneficiation process flow for diamond ore.

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